商務(wù)英語(yǔ)：有關(guān)項(xiàng)目管理的詞匯

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英：

　　Definition

　　 - Process of managing and implementing company goals and objectives.

　　 - Goals and objectives are then further segmented into specific activities

　　 that are executed to accomplish them. These specific activities comprise

　　 various functional elements, such as Marketing, Finance, Operations, etc.,

　　 which are brought together for a common purpose.

　　Scope & Requirements

　　 The scope of a project involves determining elements such as time,

　　 space, depth, and resources involved. Requirements involves

　　 determining the actual physical and intellectual assets necessary to

　　 accomplish the project.

　　Milestones

　　 Key chronological points that denote/chart important events along the

　　 evolution of a project. Milestones are used to ensure that critical

　　 points in the project have been accomplished, and to eyeball the

　　 evolutionary path of a project.

　　Materials

　　 Procuring the necessary equipment, tools, supplies and raw materials

　　 to either support or accomplish the goals of a project.

　　Template

　　 The actual business model which outlines the blueprint of a project.

　　 It usually shows all the inter-related parts, phases, and functionalities

　　 of a project, and they must be integrated.

　　Execution

　　 The phase of a project which follows determination of scope,requirements, materials and template. It is the call to action which　brings to fruition the goals and objectives of a project (i.e. it is the act　of carrying out all tasks and activities necessary to realize the project).

　　Workflow management

　　 Developing, charting, administering, and monitoring the actual job and

　　 tasks that are necessary to be performed by all project participants and

　　 functionalities. It is usually the process of delegating the work that

　　 must be done by the appropriate work groups or individual employees.

　　Measurement and Reporting

　　 Measurement involves the application of statistical and financial figures and ratios which are used to determine if a project is meetingthe budget and/or plan.

　　 Reporting involves the collection, summarization and conveying of　facts and figures in a specified format for further analysis and/or to aid　in decision-making (closely related to Tracking).

　　Reassessment

　　 Involves taking a step back when you’re close to finishing a project

　　 or have actually completed it, and then determining lessons learned

　　 and best practices, identifying problems, and taking the proper

　　 corrective action to solve them.

　　漢：

　　項(xiàng)目定義

　　 - 管理并實(shí)現(xiàn)公司目標(biāo)的過程。

　　 - 目標(biāo)被進(jìn)一步分割為各項(xiàng)具體任務(wù)加以完成。其中包括為完成一個(gè)共同目標(biāo)而組合起來的不同的功能部門，如銷售、財(cái)務(wù)、經(jīng)營(yíng)部門等。

　　規(guī)模和要求

　　 項(xiàng)目規(guī)模包括所需時(shí)間、空間、力度和資源等決定性因素。項(xiàng)目要求包括完成項(xiàng)目實(shí)際所需的人力物力。

　　里程碑

　　 在項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行過程中表示重要事件并按時(shí)間順序排列的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。里程碑通常用于保證項(xiàng)目中至關(guān)重要的部分已被完成，同時(shí)審視項(xiàng)目運(yùn)行進(jìn)程。

　　物資

　　 獲取必須的裝備、工具、供給和原料用以幫助或完成項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)。

　　模板/樣板

　　 勾勒項(xiàng)目藍(lán)圖的實(shí)際商業(yè)模型。它通常顯示一個(gè)項(xiàng)目中所有相互關(guān)聯(lián)的部分、階段和功能，并將他們綜合在一起。

　　實(shí)施

　　 確定項(xiàng)目規(guī)模、要求、所需物資以及模板之后的下一個(gè)項(xiàng)目階段。它吹響了完成項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)的號(hào)角( 也就是說，這一階段要開始所有的任務(wù)和工作以完成項(xiàng)目)。

　　工作流程管理

　　 對(duì)應(yīng)由所有項(xiàng)目參與者以及功能部門完成的工作和任務(wù)作出工作流程圖表，以便更好地管理和監(jiān)督。通常是給相工作群體或個(gè)別職員分派工作的過程。

　　驗(yàn)收和報(bào)告

　　 驗(yàn)收包括對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)、財(cái)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)和比率進(jìn)行評(píng)估和審驗(yàn)以確定項(xiàng)目是否符合預(yù)算和/或原計(jì)劃。

　　 報(bào)告包括對(duì)實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行細(xì)致的收集、整理和通報(bào)以供進(jìn)一步分析和/或決策（與跟蹤緊密相關(guān)）。

　　再評(píng)估

　　 當(dāng)你快要完成或者已經(jīng)完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目時(shí)，回顧以前的工作以總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，找出問題并采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┖头椒ń鉀Q問題。